Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterial infection mostly occurs in lungs. But the infection from the TB bacteria can occur in any part of the body (Kidney, spine and brain). If this disease is not treated in proper manner then it becomes severe.
Tuberculosis can be divided into two part -

1) Latent TB- This infection doesn’t spread into one person to another person

2) Active TB- This bacterial infection spreads into one person to another person.

Causes of Tuberculosis

TB bacteria are passed via person to person through the air. When any person (who is infected with TB bacteria)
talks, sneezes, mucus is expelled into the air. People (who breathe in these bacteria) become infected.

Symptoms of Tuberculosis

If a person have a latent TB then the symptoms of tuberculosis appears only in advance condition .Thick ,cloudy and cough (sometimes with bloody mucus) , Weight loss , fever , rapid heart beats , appears swelling in the neck , feel chest pain and shortness of breath are some symptoms of active TB.

Treatment for Tuberculosis

In the treatment of tuberculosis, doctors use combination of 4 antibiotics ( in the active TB ) . It is a six month course. In this disease the regular medication is necessary. If test continue show the positive results then treatment extended for at least 8 month.
For latent TB, one antibiotic taken for 9 month is usual treatment .It reduces the risk of complications. The most important factor of the treatment of TB is that take daily medications if you miss doses of medication then you should be start your treatment from the beginning .


Prevention
If any person have been in contact with another TB patient then take preventive antibiotic. Bacille Calmette-Guerin, antituberculosis vaccine or BCG vaccine are very useful.