INFORMATION ON NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Nightmare disorder is also known as “dream anxiety disorder”. Nightmare disorder is characterized by the occurrence of repeated dreams during which the sleeper feels threatened and frightened. The sense of fear causes the person to awake.

CAUSES OF NIGHTMARE DISORDER

The various factors which are responsible for the development of nightmare disorder are:-

1. Post-traumatic stress.
2. Drugs abuse.
3. Cocaine, and other stimulants; and some antidepressants.
4. Withdrawal from alcohol and other medications can also sometimes cause nightmares.

SYMPTOMS OF NIGHTMARE DISORDER

1. Mild sleep deprivation.
2. Decreased mental clarity.
3. Problems paying attention.
4. Excessive daytime sleepiness.
5. Irritability.
6. Mild depression.

DIAGNOSIS OF NIGHTMARE DISORDER

So far there are no laboratory tests for nightmare disorder, although the doctor may give the subject a physical examination to rule out any medical conditions that may be causing anxiety or stress.

TREATMENT OF NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Nightmares which are some how associated with a psychiatric disorder are managed by treating the underlying disorder. For patients without psychiatric disorders, psychological counseling to deal with any recurring themes in the nightmares may be helpful. Children may not require treatment for nightmares unless the dreams are causing significant distress, as nightmares generally resolve as children mature.

Because stress is thought to be the most common cause of nightmares, stress reduction techniques may prove to be effective complementary treatments. Typical relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or exercise may be helpful. Psychotherapy can be an effective way to identify major stressors in the person's life, and to explore ways in which they may be reduced or eliminated.